1.安装依赖
#gcc安装,nginx源码编译需要
yum install -y gcc-c++
#PCRE pcre-devel 安装,nginx 的 http 模块使用 pcre 来解析正则表达式
yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
#zlib安装,nginx 使用zlib对http包的内容进行gzip
yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
#OpenSSL 安装,强大的安全套接字层密码库,nginx 不仅支持 http 协议,还支持 https(即在ssl协议上传输http)
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
2.创建用户
groupadd www
useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin www
3.编译安装
# 下载
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.0.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.21.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.21.0
# 默认配置
./configure --with-http_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-debug --with-stream --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_sub_module
# 编译安装
make
make install
4.启动
cd /usr/local/nginx
# 创建日志目录
mkdir logs
# 启动
./sbin/nginx
# 停止,直接查找nginx进程id再使用kill命令强制杀掉进程
./sbin/nginx -s stop
# 退出停止,等待nginx进程处理完任务再进行停止
./sbin/nginx -s quit
# 重新加载配置文件,修改nginx.conf后使用该命令,新配置即可生效
./sbin/nginx -s reload
5.查看nginx进程
ps aux|grep nginx
6.配置方向代理
vim nginx.conf
配置内容:
http {
upstream fingerprint{
server 192.168.20.154:9090 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
server 192.168.20.155:9090 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
}
location / {
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
# 将请求源IP地址设置到请求头中(如果不设置,服务端获取到的IP地址nginx的IP地址)
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://fingerprint;
}
}
nginx开机启动
1.在/etc/init.d目录下创建nginx文件
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
文件内容(来源于Red Hat NGINX Init Script | NGINX)
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if [ -n "$user" ]; then
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
fi
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $prog -HUP
retval=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
2.添加执行权限
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
3.加入chkconfig管理列表
chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx
4.nginx服务命令
# 启动
service nginx start
# 停止
service nginx stop
# 重启
service nginx restart
5.设置开机自启
chkconfig nginx on
nginx添加新模块
# nginx源码重新编译执行需要添加的模块或者使用--add-module=参数
./configure --with-http_stub_status_module
# 编译,执行make命令后千万不要执行make install
make
# 备份nginx文件
cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.bak
# 替换nginx文件
cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
结合Keepalived实现nginx高可用
参考文章Keepalived服务高可用